H78-1970s


 * 1970s PRESENTATIONS **
 * All information, evidence, and materials from the presentation must be uploaded to this wiki.
 * Effectively present in-depth information that meets YOUR learning target(s).
 * Explain YOUR cultural topic(s) and how/why they are significant to the decade
 * Presentation must be **creative and unique**, allowing the audience to **experience** the decade (do not rely solely on a PowerPoint presentation)
 * Information (pertaining to YOUR learning targets) is presented in a creative, unique, well-organized and easy to understand format.
 * Presentation includes pictures, tables, interviews, and artifacts that are thoroughly explained and help the viewer understand YOUR learning target(s) and cultural topic(s).

DIRECTIONS FOR INSERTING CONTENT (if more than one person in your group is using PowerPoint, Prezi, Glogster, etc. then you MUST combine the presentations and upload only one file)
1. SAVE the file to your computer (to your desktop or another folder)2. Click on the button in the center of the editing tool bar.3. Click on "Upload Files" button4. Locate your file on your computer and click "Choose"5. Click on the image that you have just uploaded and it will immediately be placed in your document.

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 * 1970s ASSESSMENT QUESTIONS: **
 * All questions on the Assessment Question sheet are included and answered correctly and thoroughly on this wiki page.
 * Thoroughly explains the answers to the questions related to his/her learning targets.
 * Answers are supplemented by examples, images, charts and/or graphs.

**1.** What issues influenced Americans’ opinions of the War in Vietnam? ANSWER: Pacifists protests and displays of South Vietnam by the media were graphic. People didn't approve of the draft.

2. “Doves” opposed the war in Vietnam on the following grounds A. Vietnam was not crucial to national security B. fear that the U.S. would resort to using nuclear weapons in Vietnam C. the U.S. was fighting against the wishes of the majority of Vietnamese. D. all war is wrong E. all of the above

3. One of the practical reasons for protesting the Vietnam War was the belief that A. the war could not be won B. no country has the right to interfere in the government of another C. the Vietnamese people had suffered unfairly D. the logic driving the Cold War was fundamentally unsound.

4. What were the results of the Vietnam War? ANSWER: U.S. Forces are withdrawn. North Vietnamese and Viet Cong victory. Comunism takes over south Vietnam, Cambodia, and Laos.

5. Why did the United States reject North Vietnam’s peace plan in October 1972? A. it called for a pullout of all foreign troops B. it called for the United States to take full blame for the war C. it did not include plans for a cease fire D. it would have meant a loss of power for South Vietnam’s president

6. Richard Nixon's strategy for ending American involvement in the Vietnam War entailed A. immediate withdrawal of all American combat troops and a formal surrender B. turning the war over to the South Vietnamese army after an appropriate period of military training C. involving the United Nations in a peacekeeping role before American withdrawal from the region D. using nuclear weapons to weaken the North Vietnamese prior to American withdrawal E. giving the North American Treaty Organization primary responsibility for continuing the war against the communists in the North

7. Describe the long-term significance of the war in Vietnam. ANSWER: North and South Vietnam suffered casualties in the hundreds of thousands along with U.S. soldiers. The Agent Orange herbicide caused health effects on veterans of the war and destroyed most of Vietnam's environment. The war served as a lesson to the U.S. government not to interfere with civil war and left the country of Vietnam in ruins from U.S. bombings.

8. What were President Nixon’s foreign policy achievements and mistakes? ANSWER: Nixon's major foreign policy controversies occurred in ignoring countries not of immediate significance to United States concerns under his policy of realpolitik. Human rights did not affect international intervention; instead, practical interests rather than American ideals guided foreign policy decisions. Nixon's decisions to bomb neutral Cambodia and North Vietnam as well as his eventual failure to protect Communism from spreading to Vietnam were viewed as mistakes by many American citizens. One strength was his reaching out to relieve tensions in the United States relationship with China as well as the Strategic Arms Limitation Talks with the Soviet Union, which limited nuclear missile quantities. Another strength was his final withdrawal from the Vietnam War.

9. One of President Nixon's most important diplomatic initiatives was to A. reunite Vietnam B. open diplomatic relations between China and the United States. C. establish a forum for discussions of human rights D. pressure China to recognize Taiwan E. end the Cold War

10.Why and how did Republican President Richard Nixon expand the liberal reforms of previous administrations? ANSWER: In order to gain support of the “Silent Majority” middle class, Nixon adopted liberal uses of his power in office to improve this group's economic standing. To expand previous liberal policies, he formulated the Family Assistance Plan to assure a minimum income for middle class families, though this plan was never made into law. This He also wanted to reduce the welfare system that consumed many government dollars and diverted funds from the Vietnam War he immersed his time in. He continued fighting in the Vietnam War without a formal declaration of war from Congress as another liberal use of presidential power. In order to stabilize the economy, he also took the authority to halt wage, rent, and price changes.

11.What was the Arab oil embargo of 1973? How did it negatively affect the U.S.? ANSWER: The Arab Oil Embargo of 1973 arose when Western powers such as the United States supported the creation of a Jewish state of Israel to replace the Arab territory of Palestine. Arab nations who firmly supported the Palestinian state stopped exporting oil to the United States for their views. In October of 1973, Western powers began bidding for oil from the Middle East because supply was restricted, and prices skyrocketed with increasing demand. The United States saw higher gasoline costs, consumer frustration with limited access to gasoline, and a new understanding of its dependence on foreign oil. A pipeline to Alaska for more domestic oil was eventually approved.

12.How did the American people respond to the Watergate scandal? ANSWER: After the Watergate scandal, Americans developed an overall distrust and disinterest of politics. After big government ruled for many years previous, citizens grew fairly conservative. Only about 50% of eligible voters voted in 1976 elections as people began to perceive terrible evils and corruption in politics.

13.The Watergate scandal reshaped the relationship between politicians and the media. Nixon's cover-up of his own involvement in the scandal resulted in A. his impeachment B. his resignation C. a demonstration of how the three branches of government work together for the same political goal D. the loss of the trust of the American people and a Democratic landslide in the next general elections E. All of the above

14.Why were the Equal Rights Amendment and the policy of affirmative action such controversial topics in the 1970s? ANSWER: Controversy over the Equal Rights Amendment arose as multiple sides argued potential benefits of total equality, while others predicted undesired changes that would follow. Feminists and other groups rallying for equality argued that total equality would improve just treatment in the workplace and society as a whole. On the other hand, some protestors argued that total equality for women would result in numerous laws requiring modification, including draft policies and other laws designed to towards the male population. Affirmative action, a policy requiring employers to increase numbers of hired women and minority workers relative to a white male majority, created controversy because employers were forced towards biased employing practices. While the policy was implemented to lessen discrimination, protests centered around the law's violating equal rights to employment for all people and its tendency to lower quality standards solely to hire a variety of ethnic backgrounds.

15.The Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) was defeated because A. Congress would not pass it B. it was held to be unconstitutional. C. not enough state legislatures passed it. D. Betty Friedan opposed it E. Richard Nixon vetoed it.

This picture is of a group of ERA supporters protesting for their rights. This picture is of an anti-ERA protestor sharing her views on the controversial proposal.

16.How and why did the energy crisis and the Middle East pose significant challenges for President Carter? ANSWER: The energy crisis and the Middle East posed significant challenges for President Carter, because the issues caused economic and political problems in the United States. The Middle East was facing many revolutions, however the Iranian Revolution impacted the United States directly. On November 4, 1979 fifty two American diplomats at the United States Embassy were taken as hostages by a group known as Muslim Student Followers of the Imam's Line. These hostages were released not long after former President Ronald Reagan was sworn into office. They were held hostage for four hundred and forty four days. The 1979 energy crisis had the United States researching new ways to turn to an alternative energy source, because after the Iranian Revolution oil production had almost stopped causing all exports to be stopped. Soon the oil was exported again, but the oil came in small amounts and it was very expensive. As the prices drove up, the United States looked for an alternative source to energy.

This picture is of a long unorganized line outside of a gas station in the United States, during the energy crisis in 1979 . 17.In response to the nation’s dependence on foreign oil, President Carter established the A. Department of Energy B. Department of Health and Human Services C. Energy Protection Agency D. Bureau of Energy Conservation 18.The U.S. economy in the late 1970s was characterized by all of the following EXCEPT A. low interest rates B. oil shortages and increased oil prices C. massive layoffs of workers D. runaway inflation rates E. recession